In the iterative scale-up, one directly moves from a laboratory-scale to an industrial scale. Depending on the conditions, co ... ming back to either the laboratory scale, the pilot scale, cold scale or process modeling scale to represent the digital version of the plant is essential for the technical and economical risk identification and reduction, which improve the key characteristics of the industrial scale design. This happens through successive back and forth iterations until satisfactory conditions are met in terms of uncertainties clearance for the whole process. Furthermore, the piloting costs can be largely reduced by possibly outsourcing the pilot experimentation or, if needed, a proper down-scaled pilot can be designed and built. The new pilot, which will focus on the main areas of concern, would be less costly and more suitable for answering the questions and concerns raised during the design. read more